Civil War Statistics:

Slaves as a Percentage of the U.S. Population

(1800-1860)

The chart below shows the numbers of Americans in each census year from 1800 to 1860, along with the total population of slaves in America. The last column shows the what percentage of the total U.S. population were enslaved. By the time of the next census, in 1870, slavery had been ended.

An American Slave with Scars from Whipping

Pages on American Slavery

Slave Rebellions in U.S. History

Slaves as a Percentage of the U.S. Population

Year	Total U.S. Population (in millions)	Total U.S. Slave Population (in millions)	Slaves as a Percentage of the Total U.S. Population
1800	5.1	0.9	17.6%
1810	6.8	1.1	16.1%
1820	10	1.5	15 %
1830	12.8	2.0	15.6%
1840	17	2.5	14.7%
1850	23	3.2	13.9%
1860	31.2	4.0	12.8%

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Civil War Statistics:

Slaves as a Percentage of the U.S. Population

(1800-1860)

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